Ob peb xav txog tus kab mob sampling tube

1. Hais txog kev tsim cov kab mob kuaj kab mob
Cov kab mob kuaj kab mob yog cov khoom siv kho mob. Feem ntau cov tuam txhab lag luam hauv tsev tau sau npe raws li cov khoom lag luam thawj zaug, thiab ob peb lub tuam txhab tau sau npe raws li cov khoom lag luam thib ob. Tsis ntev los no, txhawm rau ua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau xwm txheej kub ntxhov ntawm Wuhan thiab lwm qhov chaw, ntau lub tuam txhab tau coj "kev kub ceev channel" "Thov rau thawj-chav kawm ntawv tso cai. Tus kab mob sampling tube yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv sampling, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab cov ntim sab nraud. Txij li thaum tsis muaj kev sib koom ua ke hauv lub tebchaws lossis cov qauv kev lag luam, cov khoom ntawm ntau lub tuam txhab sib txawv heev.

1. Sampling swab: Cov sampling swab ncaj qha mus rau qhov chaw kuaj, thiab cov khoom ntawm lub taub hau sampling yog ze ze rau qhov kev tshawb nrhiav tom ntej. Lub taub hau sampling yuav tsum yog ua los ntawm Polyester (PE) hluavtaws fiber los yog Rayon (man-made fiber). Calcium alginate sponge lossis ntoo sticks swabs (xws li xyoob sticks) siv tsis tau, thiab cov khoom ntawm lub taub hau swab tsis tuaj yeem yog cov khoom paj rwb. Vim hais tias paj rwb fiber ntau muaj zog adsorption ntawm cov protein, nws tsis yog ib qho yooj yim rau elute mus rau tom ntej cia tshuaj; thiab thaum ib lub pas ntoo los yog xyoob ntoo uas muaj calcium alginate thiab cov khoom ntoo tawg, soaking hauv cov tshuaj cia tseem yuav adsorb protein, thiab txawm tias nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov tshuaj tiv thaiv PCR tom qab. Nws raug nquahu kom siv cov khoom siv hluavtaws xws li PE fiber, polyester fiber thiab polypropylene fiber rau cov khoom siv ntawm lub taub hau swab. Ntuj fibers xws li paj rwb tsis pom zoo. Nylon fibers kuj tsis pom zoo vim tias nylon fibers (zoo ib yam li txhuam hniav hau) nqus dej. Tsis zoo, ua rau tsis txaus sampling ntim, cuam tshuam tus nqi nrhiav pom. Calcium alginate daim txhuam cev yog txwv tsis pub siv cov khoom siv swab! Swab kov muaj ob hom: tawg thiab built-in. Lub tshuab tawg tau muab tso rau hauv lub raj xa dej tom qab kuaj, thiab lub hau lub raj yog tawg tom qab tawg los ntawm txoj hauj lwm ze ntawm lub taub hau sampling; lub built-in swab ncaj qha tso cov sampling swab mus rau hauv lub thawv ntim khoom tom qab kuaj, thiab lub thawv ntim lub thawv ntim tau tsim nyob rau hauv Kho lub qhov me me nrog rau sab saum toj ntawm tus kov thiab nruj lub hau npog. Muab piv rau ob txoj hauv kev, qhov kawg yog qhov nyab xeeb. Thaum siv cov swab tawg ua ke nrog lub me me cia tube, nws yuav ua rau cov kua txaws hauv lub raj thaum tawg, thiab tag nrho cov kev saib xyuas yuav tsum tau them rau qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev sib kis los ntawm kev siv cov khoom tsis raug. Nws raug pom zoo kom siv hollow polystyrene (PS) extruded raj los yog polypropylene (PP) txhaj tshuaj creasing raj rau cov khoom siv ntawm lub swab kov. Txawm hais tias siv cov khoom siv dab tsi, calcium alginate additives tsis tuaj yeem ntxiv; ntoo sticks los yog xyoob sticks. Nyob rau hauv luv luv, lub sampling swab yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tus nqi ntawm cov sampling thiab tus nqi ntawm kev tso tawm, thiab cov ntaub ntawv xaiv yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj cov khoom uas muaj feem xyuam rau cov kev xeem tom ntej.

2. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob: Muaj ob hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas tau siv dav hauv kev ua lag luam, ib qho yog cov tshuaj kho kab mob hloov kho raws li kev thauj mus los nruab nrab, thiab lwm yam yog cov tshuaj hloov kho rau nucleic acid extraction lysate.
Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm tus qub yog Eagle cov kab lis kev cai nruab nrab (MEM) lossis Hank's balanced ntsev, uas yog ntxiv nrog cov ntsev, amino acids, vitamins, qabzib thiab cov protein tsim nyog rau cov kab mob ciaj sia. Qhov kev daws teeb meem no siv phenol liab sodium ntsev ua qhov taw qhia thiab kev daws teeb meem. Thaum tus nqi pH yog 6.6-8.0, cov tshuaj yog liab. Qhov tsim nyog cov piam thaj, L-glutamine thiab protein ntxiv rau cov tshuaj khaws cia. Cov protein yog muab nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm fetal bovine serum los yog bovine serum albumin, uas yuav stabilize lub plhaub protein ntawm tus kab mob. Vim hais tias cov tshuaj khaws cia yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov as-ham, nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev ciaj sia ntawm tus kab mob tab sis kuj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob. Yog tias cov tshuaj khaws cia muaj cov kab mob sib kis, nws yuav ua rau ntau qhov ntau. Cov pa roj carbon dioxide nyob rau hauv nws cov metabolites yuav ua rau preservation kua pH poob los ntawm liab doog daj. Yog li ntawd, feem ntau manufacturers tau ntxiv cov khoom xyaw antibacterial rau lawv cov formulations. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas pom zoo yog penicillin, streptomycin, gentamicin thiab polymyxin B. Sodium azide thiab 2-methyl tsis pom zoo Inhibitors xws li 4-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MCI) thiab 5-chloro-2-methyl-4. -isothiazolin-3-one (CMCI) vim tias cov khoom no muaj kev cuam tshuam rau PCR cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Txij li cov qauv muab los ntawm qhov kev daws teeb meem no yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm tus kab mob nyob, qhov qub ntawm cov qauv tuaj yeem khaws cia rau qhov loj tshaj plaws, thiab nws tuaj yeem siv tsis tau tsuas yog rau kev rho tawm thiab tshawb xyuas cov kab mob nucleic acids, tab sis kuj rau kev cog qoob loo thiab cais cov kab mob. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias thaum siv rau kev kuaj pom, nucleic acid extraction thiab purification yuav tsum tau ua tom qab inactivation.
Lwm hom kev txuag tshuaj npaj raws li nucleic acid extraction lysate, cov khoom tseem ceeb yog cov ntsev sib npaug, EDTA chelating tus neeg saib xyuas, guanidine ntsev (xws li guanidine isothiocyanate, guanidine hydrochloride, thiab lwm yam), anionic surfactant (xws li dodecane Sodium sulfate), cationic surfactants (xws li tetradecyltrimethylammonium oxalate), phenol, 8-hydroxyquinoline, dithiothreitol (DTT), proteinase K thiab lwm yam khoom, Qhov kev daws teeb meem no yog txhawm rau tshem tawm cov kab mob ncaj qha los tso cov nucleic acid thiab tshem tawm cov RNase. Yog tias tsuas yog siv rau RT-PCR, nws yog qhov tsim nyog dua, tab sis cov lysate tuaj yeem ua rau tus kab mob tsis zoo. Cov qauv no tsis tuaj yeem siv rau kev sib cais kab lis kev cai.

Cov hlau ion chelating tus neeg sawv cev siv rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog pom zoo kom siv EDTA ntsev (xws li dipotassium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, thiab lwm yam), thiab nws tsis pom zoo kom siv heparin (xws li sodium heparin, lithium heparin), thiaj li tsis cuam tshuam rau PCR nrhiav pom.
3. Preservation tube: Cov khoom ntawm lub raj preservation yuav tsum tau xaiv kom zoo. Muaj cov ntaub ntawv qhia tias polypropylene (Polypropylene) muaj feem xyuam rau cov adsorption ntawm nucleic acid, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv high tension ion concentration, polyethylene (Polyethylene) yog nyiam dua polypropylene (Polypropylene) Yooj yim los tuav DNA / RNA. Polyethylene-propylene polymer (Polyallomer) yas thiab qee qhov tshwj xeeb ua tiav polypropylene (Polypropylene) cov thawv yas zoo dua rau DNA / RNA cia. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum siv lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws, lub thawv ntim khoom yuav tsum sim xaiv lub thawv nrog qhov siab siab dua 8 cm txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov ntsiab lus los ntawm kev sib tsoo thiab kis kab mob thaum lub swab tawg.

4. Cov dej rau kev khaws cia ntau lawm: Cov dej ultrapure siv rau kev khaws cia ntau lawm yuav tsum tau lim los ntawm ib qho ultrafiltration membrane nrog lub luj molecular ntawm 13,000 los xyuas kom meej tshem tawm cov polymer impurities los ntawm cov khoom lom, xws li RNase, DNase, thiab endotoxin, thiab Tsis pom zoo kom ua kom huv zoo tib yam. Dej los yog dej distilled.

2. Kev siv cov raj kuaj kab mob

Kev ua piv txwv siv tus kab mob sampling raj feem ntau muab faib ua oropharyngeal sampling thiab nasopharyngeal sampling:

1. Oropharyngeal sampling: Ua ntej nias tus nplaig nrog tus nplaig depressor, tom qab ntawd txuas lub taub hau ntawm cov sampling swab rau hauv caj pas kom so ob sab pharyngeal tonsils thiab posterior pharyngeal phab ntsa, thiab so lub posterior pharyngeal phab ntsa nrog lub teeb quab yuam, tsis txhob kov tus nplaig. chav tsev.

2. Nasopharyngeal sampling: ntsuas qhov deb ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub qhov ntswg mus rau pob ntseg lobe nrog ib tug swab thiab kos nrog ib tug ntiv tes, ntxig cov sampling swab rau hauv lub qhov ntswg kab noj hniav nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm lub qhov ntswg ntsug (lub ntsej muag), lub swab yuav tsum ncua. tsawg kawg yog ib nrab ntawm qhov ntev ntawm pob ntseg lobe mus rau qhov kawg ntawm lub qhov ntswg, tawm hauv lub qhov ntswg rau 15-30 vib nas this, maj mam tig 3-5 zaug, thiab tshem lub swab.
Nws tsis yog qhov nyuaj rau pom los ntawm txoj kev siv, txawm tias nws yog oropharyngeal swab lossis nasopharyngeal swab, kev kuaj yog ib qho kev ua haujlwm, uas yog qhov nyuaj thiab tsis muaj paug. Qhov zoo ntawm cov qauv sau tau ncaj qha cuam tshuam nrog kev tshawb nrhiav tom qab. Yog tias cov qauv sau tau muaj cov kab mob kis tsawg, yooj yim ua rau muaj qhov tsis zoo, tsis yooj yim kom paub meej qhov kev kuaj mob.