1. Banyere imepụta tubes nlele nje
tubes nlele nje bụ nke ngwaahịa ngwaọrụ ahụike. Ọtụtụ ndị na-emepụta ụlọ na-edebanye aha dịka ngwaahịa nke mbụ si dị, na ụlọ ọrụ ole na ole ka edebanye aha dịka ngwaahịa nke abụọ si dị. N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, iji gboo mkpa mberede nke Wuhan na ebe ndị ọzọ, ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ ewerela "ọwa mberede" "Tinye maka ikike ndekọ ndekọ nke mbụ. Igwe nleba anya nje bụ nke swab nlele, ihe nchekwa nje na nkwakọ ngwaahịa dị n'èzí. Ebe ọ bụ na enweghị ọkọlọtọ mba ma ọ bụ ọkọlọtọ ụlọ ọrụ jikọtara ọnụ, ngwaahịa nke ndị nrụpụta dị iche iche dị iche iche.
1. Nlere anya swab: swab sample na-akpọtụrụ saịtị nlele ozugbo, na ihe nke isi ihe nlele ahụ nwere njikọ chiri anya na nchọpụta na-esote. Isi swab sample kwesịrị ịbụ nke polyester (PE) sịntetik fiber ma ọ bụ Rayon (fiber nke mmadụ mere). Calcium alginate sponge ma ọ bụ osisi swabs (gụnyere osisi bamboo) enweghị ike iji, na ihe nke isi swab enweghị ike ịbụ ngwaahịa owu. N'ihi na eriri owu nwere mgbasa ozi siri ike nke protein, ọ naghị adị mfe ịbanye n'ime ngwọta nchekwa na-esote; na mgbe osisi ma ọ bụ osisi bamboo nwere calcium alginate na ihe ndị dị na osisi gbajiri agbaji, ịtinye na ngwọta nchekwa ahụ ga-enwekwa protein protein, na ọbụna ga-enwe ike igbochi mmeghachi omume PCR na-esote. A na-atụ aro ka iji eriri sịntetik dị ka PE fiber, polyester fiber na polypropylene fiber maka ihe nke isi swab. A naghị atụ aro eriri eke dị ka owu. A naghị akwadokwa eriri naịlọn n'ihi na eriri nylon (dị ka isi brọsh) na-amịkọrọ mmiri. Ogbenye, na-ebute ezughị oke nlele nlele, na-emetụta ọnụego nchọpụta. Amachibidoro sponge Calcium alginate maka ịlele ihe swab! Aka swab nwere ụdị abụọ: agbajikwa na arụnyere n'ime ya. A na-etinye swab gbajiri agbaji na tube nchekwa mgbe emechara ya, a na-agbajikwa okpu tube mgbe agbajisịrị ya na ọnọdụ dị nso na isi ihe nlele; swab nke a na-arụ na-etinye ozugbo na-etinye ihe nlele ahụ n'ime tube nchekwa ahụ mgbe a gụchara ya, a na-ewukwa ihe mkpuchi tube na-ekpuchi obere oghere na n'elu aka ma mee ka mkpuchi tube sie ike. N'iji ụzọ abụọ atụnyere, nke ikpeazụ adịghị mma. Mgbe a na-eji swab gbajiri agbaji na njikọ nke obere nchekwa tube, ọ nwere ike ime ka mmiri na-asọba na tube ahụ mgbe agbajiri agbaji, na nlebara anya zuru oke na ihe ize ndụ nke mmetọ kpatara site na iji ngwaahịa na-ekwesịghị ekwesị. A na-atụ aro ka iji polystyrene oghere (PS) extruded tube ma ọ bụ polypropylene (PP) injection creasing tube maka ihe nke swab aka. N'agbanyeghị ihe eji eme ihe, enweghị ike ịgbakwunye ihe mgbakwunye calcium alginate; osisi osisi ma ọ bụ osisi achara. Na nkenke, swab nlele kwesịrị ijide n'aka na ọnụọgụ nke nlele na ọnụọgụ ntọhapụ, na ihe ndị a họọrọ agaghị enwe ihe ndị na-emetụta ule na-esote.
2. Ngwọta nchekwa nje: Enwere ụdị ụzọ nchekwa nje abụọ a na-ejikarị n'ahịa, otu bụ ihe mmezi nje na-agbanwe dabere na usoro njem, nke ọzọ bụ ihe gbanwetụrụ maka lysate nucleic acid mmịpụta.
Isi ihe dị na nke mbụ bụ usoro omenala nke Eagle (MEM) ma ọ bụ nnu na-edozi ahụ nke Hank, nke a na-agbakwunye na nnu, amino acids, vitamin, glucose na protein dị mkpa maka nlanarị nje. Ngwọta nchekwa a na-eji phenol red sodium nnu dị ka ihe ngosi na ngwọta. Mgbe uru pH bụ 6.6-8.0, ngwọta bụ pink. A na-agbakwunye glucose dị mkpa, L-glutamine na protein na ngwọta nchekwa. A na-enye protein ahụ n'ụdị serum bovine nke nwa ebu n'afọ ma ọ bụ bovine serum albumin, nke nwere ike ime ka shea protein nke nje ahụ kwụsie ike. N'ihi na ihe ngwọta nke nchekwa ahụ bara ụba na ihe ndị na-edozi ahụ, ọ na-enyere aka ịlanarị nje ahụ kamakwa ọ bara uru na uto nke nje bacteria. Ọ bụrụ na ejiri nje bacteria metọọ ihe ngwọta nchekwa ahụ, ọ ga-amụba n'ọtụtụ buru ibu. Carbon dioxide dị na metabolites ya ga-eme ka pH nchekwa nchekwa daa site na pink na-atụgharị edo edo. Ya mere, ọtụtụ ndị na-emepụta ihe agbakwunyela ihe ndị na-egbu nje na-emepụta ihe na nhazi ha. A na-atụ aro ọgwụ nje antibacterial a na-atụ aro bụ penicillin, streptomycin, gentamicin na polymyxin B. Sodium azide na 2-methyl anaghị akwado Inhibitors dị ka 4-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MCI) na 5-chloro-2-methyl-4 -isothiazolin-3-otu (CMCI) n'ihi na ihe ndị a nwere mmetụta na mmeghachi omume PCR. Ebe ọ bụ na ihe nlele nyere site na ngwọta nchekwa a bụ nje virus dị ndụ, enwere ike idobe ụdị ihe nlele ahụ ruo n'ókè kachasị ukwuu, enwere ike iji ya ọ bụghị naanị maka mmịpụta na ịchọpụta nje nucleic acid, kamakwa maka ịkụ na ihe ọkụkụ. iche nke nje. Otú ọ dị, ekwesịrị iburu n'uche na mgbe ejiri ya mee nchọpụta, a ghaghị ime mmịpụta nucleic acid na ịdị ọcha mgbe emechara ya.
Ụdị ihe nchekwa nchekwa ọzọ a kwadebere dabere na nucleic acid mmịpụta lysate, ihe ndị bụ isi bụ salts kwesịrị ekwesị, onye na-ahụ maka chelating EDTA, nnu guanidine (dị ka guanidine isothiocyanate, guanidine hydrochloride, wdg), anionic surfactant (dị ka dodecane Sodium sulfate), cationic. surfactants (dị ka tetradecyltrimethylammonium oxalate), phenol, 8-hydroxyquinoline, dithiothreitol (DTT), proteinase K na ndị ọzọ components, Nke a nchekwa ngwọta bụ na-ekpochapụ nje virus ozugbo hapụ nucleic acid ma kpochapụ RNase. Ọ bụrụ na ejiri ya naanị maka RT-PCR, ọ ka mma karịa, mana lysate nwere ike ime ka nje ahụ rụọ ọrụ. Enweghị ike iji ụdị nlele a maka nkewa omenala nje.
A na-atụ aro metal ion chelating agent eji na-echekwa nje virus iji nnu EDTA (dị ka dipotassium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, wdg), na akwadoro iji heparin (dị ka sodium heparin, lithium heparin), ka ọ ghara imetụta nchọpụta PCR.
3. tube nchekwa: A ga-eji nlezianya họrọ ihe nke tube nchekwa. Enwere data na-egosi na polypropylene (Polypropylene) metụtara adsorption nke nucleic acid, karịsịa na nnukwu ion ntinye uche, polyethylene (Polyethylene) na-ahọrọ karịa polypropylene (Polypropylene) Ọ dị mfe ịghọta DNA / RNA. Polyethylene-propylene polymer (Polyallomer) rọba na ụfọdụ akpa polypropylene (Polypropylene) edoziri nke ọma dabara adaba maka nchekwa DNA/RNA. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, mgbe ị na-eji swab na-agbaji, tube nchekwa kwesịrị ịgbalị ịhọrọ akpa nke dị elu karịa 8 cm iji gbochie ihe dị n'ime ya ka ọ ghara ịgbasa ma metọọ mgbe swab ahụ gbajiri.
4. Mmiri maka nchekwa nchekwa mmepụta: Mmiri ultrapure a na-eji maka nchekwa nchekwa mmepụta kwesịrị ka a na-enyocha ya site na akpụkpọ anụ ultrafiltration nke nwere ihe dị arọ nke 13,000 iji hụ na mwepụ nke polymer adịghị ọcha site na isi mmalite ndị dị ndụ, dị ka RNase, DNase, na endotoxin, na A naghị atụ aro ịdị ọcha nkịtị. Mmiri ma ọ bụ mmiri distilled.
2. Iji nje sample tubes
A na-ekewa ihe nlele site na iji tube nlele nje virus na sampling oropharyngeal na sampling nasopharyngeal:
1. Ihe nlele nke oropharyngeal: Buru ụzọ jiri ire nkụda mmụọ pịa ire, wee gbatịa isi nke swab sample n'ime akpịrị iji hichaa tonsils pharyngeal nke abụọ na mgbidi pharyngeal dị n'azụ, wee jiri ike dị ọkụ hichaa mgbidi pharyngeal azụ, zere imetụ ire. otu.
2. Nasopharyngeal sampling: tụọ anya site n'ọnụ imi ruo na ntị lobe na swab na akara na mkpịsị aka, tinye sample swab n'ime oghere imi na ntụziaka nke vetikal imi (ihu), swab kwesịrị ịgbatị. ma ọ dịkarịa ala ọkara ogologo nke ntị lobe ruo n'ọnụ imi, Hapụ swab na imi maka 15-30 sekọnd, jiri nwayọọ gbanwee ugboro 3-5, ma wepụ swab.
Ọ naghị esiri ike ịhụ site na usoro eji eme ihe, ma ọ bụ swab oropharyngeal ma ọ bụ nasopharyngeal swab, nlele anya bụ ọrụ nkà na ụzụ, nke siri ike na mmetọ. Ogo nke ihe nlele a na-anakọta na-emetụta kpọmkwem na nchọpụta na-esote. Ọ bụrụ na ihe nlele a na-anakọta nwere ibu nje dị ala, dị mfe ime ka ndị na-adịghị mma na-ezighị ezi, na-esiri ike ịkwado nchoputa ahụ.
Oge nzipu: Jun-21-2020
