1. Mabapi le ho etsoa ha li-tubes tsa sampole tsa kokoana-hloko
Li-tubes tsa sampole tsa vaerase ke tsa lihlahisoa tsa lisebelisoa tsa bongaka. Bahlahisi ba bangata ba malapeng ba ngolisitsoe ho ea ka lihlahisoa tsa boemo ba pele, 'me lik'hamphani tse fokolang li ngolisitsoe ho latela lihlahisoa tsa boemo ba bobeli. Haufinyane tjena, molemong oa ho fihlela litlhoko tsa tšohanyetso tsa Wuhan le libaka tse ling, lik'hamphani tse ngata li nkile "mocha oa maemo a tšohanyetso" "Kopa tumello ea rekoto ea boemo ba pele. Thepa ea sampole ea kokoana-hloko e entsoe ka sesepa sa sampole, tharollo ea ho boloka kokoana-hloko le sephutheloana sa ka ntle. Kaha ha ho na maemo a kopaneng a naha kapa maemo a indasteri, lihlahisoa tsa bahlahisi ba fapaneng li fapana haholo.
1. Sampling swab: Sampling swab e kopana ka ho toba le sebaka sa sampole, 'me thepa ea hlooho ea sampuli e amana haufi-ufi le ho fumanoa ha morao. Hlooho ea sampole ea swab e lokela ho etsoa ka polyester (PE) synthetic fiber kapa Rayon (fiber e entsoeng ke motho). Seponche sa calcium alginate kapa li-swabs tsa lehong (ho kenyeletsoa le lithupa tsa bamboo) li ke ke tsa sebelisoa, 'me thepa ea hlooho ea swab e ke ke ea e-ba lihlahisoa tsa k'hothone. Hobane fiber ea k'hothone e na le adsorption e matla ea protheine, ha ho bonolo ho e hlahisa ka tharollo e latelang ea polokelo; 'me ha thupa ea lehong kapa thupa ea bamboo e nang le calcium alginate le likarolo tsa lepolanka e robehile, ho kenella ka har'a tharollo ea polokelo ho tla boela ho khabise protheine, esita le ho tla E ka thibela karabelo e latelang ea PCR. Ho khothalletsoa ho sebelisa likhoele tsa maiketsetso tse kang PE fiber, polyester fiber le polypropylene fiber bakeng sa thepa ea hlooho ea swab. Likhoele tsa tlhaho tse kang k'hothone ha lia khothaletsoa. Likhoele tsa nylon le tsona ha li khothalletsoe hobane likhoele tsa nylon (tse tšoanang le lihlooho tsa borashe ba meno) li monya metsi. E fosahetse, e bakang molumo o sa lekaneng oa lisampole, e amang sekhahla sa ho lemoha. Calcium alginate sponge ha e lumelloe ho etsa sampole lisebelisoa tsa swab! Swab handle e na le mefuta e 'meli: e robehileng le e hahiloeng. Sekhahla se robehileng se kenngoa ka har'a tube ea polokelo ka mor'a ho etsa mohlala, 'me sekoahelo sa tube se robehile ka mor'a hore se robehe ho tloha sebakeng se haufi le hlooho ea mohlala; sekoahelo se hahiloeng ka ho toba se kenya sesepa sa sampuli ka har'a tube ea polokelo ka mor'a ho etsa lisampole, 'me sekoahelo sa tube ea polokelo se hahoa ka Lumellanya lesoba le lenyenyane ka holim'a molamu le ho tiisa sekoahelo sa tube. Ha ho bapisoa mekhoa ena e 'meli, ea ho qetela e batla e sireletsehile. Ha swab e robehileng e sebelisoa hammoho le tube e nyenyane ea ho boloka boholo, e ka baka ho phatloha ha metsi ka har'a tube ha e robehile, 'me tlhokomelo e feletseng e lokela ho lefshoa kotsing ea tšilafalo e bakoang ke tšebeliso e fosahetseng ea sehlahisoa. Ho kgothaletswa ho sebelisa tube e nang le polystyrene (PS) extruded tube kapa polypropylene (PP) ente ea ente bakeng sa thepa ea mofeng oa swab. Ho sa tsotellehe hore na ho sebelisoa lisebelisoa life, li-additives tsa calcium alginate li ke ke tsa ekeletsoa; lithupa tsa lehong kapa lithupa tsa bamboo. Ka bokhutšoanyane, sampling swab e lokela ho netefatsa palo ea sampuli le palo ea tokollo, 'me lisebelisoa tse khethiloeng ha lia lokela ho ba le lintho tse amang tlhahlobo e latelang.
2. Tharollo ea ho boloka kokoana-hloko: Ho na le mefuta e 'meli ea tharollo ea ho boloka kokoana-hloko e sebelisoang haholo' marakeng, e 'ngoe ke tharollo ea tlhokomelo ea kokoana-hloko e fetotsoeng ho latela mokhoa oa lipalangoang,' me e 'ngoe ke tharollo e fetotsoeng bakeng sa nucleic acid extract lysate.
Karolo e ka sehloohong ea pele ke setso sa mantlha sa Eagle (MEM) kapa letsoai le leka-lekaneng la Hank, le kentsoeng ka matsoai, li-amino acid, livithamini, tsoekere le protheine e hlokahalang bakeng sa ho phela ha vaerase. Tharollo ena ea polokelo e sebelisa letsoai la sodium e khubelu ea phenol e le pontšo le tharollo. Ha boleng ba pH e le 6.6-8.0, tharollo e pinki. Tsoekere e hlokahalang, L-glutamine le protheine li eketsoa tharollong ea ho boloka. Protheine e fanoa ka mokhoa oa fetal bovine serum kapa bovine serum albumin, e ka tsitsisa khetla ea protheine ea kokoana-hloko. Kaha tharollo ea ho baballa e na le limatlafatsi tse ngata, e thusa ho phela ha kokoana-hloko empa hape e molemo khōlong ea baktheria. Haeba tharollo ea ho boloka e silafalitsoe ke libaktheria, e tla ata ka bongata. Carbon dioxide e ka har'a metabolite ea eona e tla etsa hore tharollo ea poloko pH e theohe ho tloha ho pinki E fetoha mosehla. Ka hona, bahlahisi ba bangata ba ekelitse metsoako ea antibacterial ho lihlahisoa tsa bona. Li-antibacterial agents tse khothalletsoang ke penicillin, streptomycin, gentamicin le polymyxin B. Sodium azide le 2-methyl ha e khothalletsoe Inhibitors tse kang 4-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MCI) le 5-chloro-2-methyl-4 -isothiazolin-3-one (CMCI) hobane likarolo tsena li na le phello ho karabelo ea PCR. Kaha sampole e fanoeng ke tharollo ena ea poloko ha e le hantle ke kokoana-hloko e phelang, tšimoloho ea sampole e ka bolokoa ho isa tekanyong e kholo ka ho fetisisa, 'me e ka sebelisoa eseng feela bakeng sa ho ntšoa le ho lemoha ha kokoana-hloko ea nucleic acid, empa hape le bakeng sa temo le ho lema. ho itšehla thajana ha likokoana-hloko. Leha ho le joalo, hoa lokela ho hlokomeloa hore ha e sebelisoa bakeng sa ho lemoha, ho ntšoa le ho hloekisoa ha nucleic acid ho tlameha ho etsoa ka mor'a ho se sebetse.
Mofuta o mong oa tharollo ea poloko e lokiselitsoeng ho latela nucleic acid extract lysate, likarolo tse ka sehloohong ke letsoai le leka-lekaneng, moemeli oa chelating oa EDTA, letsoai la guanidine (joalo ka guanidine isothiocyanate, guanidine hydrochloride, joalo-joalo), anionic surfactant (joalo ka dodecane Sodium sulfate), li-surfactants (tse kang tetradecyltrimethylammonium oxalate), phenol, 8-hydroxyquinoline, dithiothreitol (DTT), proteinase K le likarolo tse ling, Tharollo ena ea polokelo ke ho koala kokoana ka ho toba ho lokolla nucleic acid le ho felisa RNase. Haeba e sebelisoa feela bakeng sa RT-PCR, e loketse haholoanyane, empa lysate e ka etsa hore kokoana-hloko e sebetse. Mofuta ona oa sampole o ke ke oa sebelisoa bakeng sa karohano ea setso sa vaerase.
Sehlahisoa sa tšepe se sebelisoang ka tharollo ea ho boloka kokoana-hloko se khothalletsoa ho sebelisa letsoai la EDTA (joalo ka dipotassium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, joalo-joalo), 'me ha e khothalletsoe ho sebelisa heparin (joalo ka sodium heparin, lithium heparin), e le hore e se ame ho fumanoa ha PCR.
3. Preservation tube: Lisebelisoa tsa tube ea ho boloka li lokela ho khethoa ka hloko. Ho na le lintlha tse bontšang hore polypropylene (Polypropylene) e amana le adsorption ea nucleic acid, haholo-holo ka khatello e phahameng ea ion ion, polyethylene (Polyethylene) e ratoa ho feta polypropylene (Polypropylene) Ho bonolo ho utloisisa DNA / RNA. Polyethylene-propylene polymer (Polyallomer) polasetiki le lijana tse ling tse entsoeng ka ho khetheha tsa polypropylene (Polypropylene) li loketse ho boloka DNA/RNA. Ho phaella moo, ha u sebelisa sesepa se robehang, tube ea polokelo e lokela ho leka ho khetha setshelo se nang le bolelele bo fetang 8 cm ho thibela likahare hore li se ke tsa fafatsoa le ho silafatsoa ha sesepa se robeha.
4. Metsi bakeng sa tharollo ea ho boloka tlhahiso: Metsi a ultrapure a sebelisetsoang tharollo ea ho boloka tlhahiso a lokela ho hloekisoa ka lera la ultrafiltration le boima ba molek'hule ba 13,000 ho netefatsa hore ho tlosoa litšila tsa polymer ho tsoa mehloling ea likokoana-hloko, tse kang RNase, DNase, le endotoxin, le tlhoekiso e tloaelehileng ha e khothalletsoe. Metsi kapa metsi a distilled.
2. Tšebeliso ea li-tubes tsa sampole ea kokoana-hloko
Sampling e sebelisang sampole ea sampole ea vaerase e arotsoe haholo ka sampole ea oropharyngeal le sampling ea nasopharyngeal:
1. Oropharyngeal sampling: Qala ka ho hatella leleme ka puo e sithabetsang, ebe u atolosa hlooho ea sesepa sa sampuli molaleng ho hlakola lithane tse peli tsa pharyngeal le lerako le ka morao la pharyngeal, 'me u hlakole lerako le ka morao la pharyngeal ka matla a khanyang, qoba ho ama leleme. unit.
2. Sampling ea Nasopharyngeal: lekanya sebaka ho tloha ntlheng ea nko ho ea karolong ea tsebe ka sesepa 'me u tšoaee ka monoana, kenya sesepa sa sampuli ka har'a lesoba la nko ka lehlakoreng la nko e emeng (sefahleho), sesepa se lokela ho atolosa. bonyane halofo ea bolelele ba lobe ea tsebe ho ea ntlheng ea nko, Tlohela sesepa ka nko bakeng sa metsotsoana e 15-30, ka bonolo potoloha ka makhetlo a 3-5, 'me u tlose sesepa.
Ha ho thata ho bona mokhoa oa ho sebelisoa, ebang ke oropharyngeal swab kapa nasopharyngeal swab, sampling ke mosebetsi oa theknoloji, o thata ebile o silafalitsoe. Boleng ba sampuli e bokelitsoeng bo amana ka ho toba le ho fumanoa ho latelang. Haeba sampole e bokelletsoeng e na le bongata ba kokoana-hloko Botlaaseng, ho bonolo ho baka liphoso tse fosahetseng, ho thata ho netefatsa tlhahlobo.
Nako ea poso: Jun-21-2020
